How to install PostGIS 2.0 on Ubuntu 12.04 (precise)

UNDER CONSTRUCTION AS OF 5/5/12 2000 PT.

This page is targeted at new users and will be written as simply as possible.

Source or Packaged?

The page is in development. Methods posted below are accurate as of last page update.

Prerequisites

Prerequisites can be found at PostGIS Support Matrix

Key libraries to focus on: GEOS, GDAL. Issues related to these two libraries will dictate the method you choose to use to install PostGIS 2.0.

Installation using the existing Sharpie Oneiric PPA (Personal Package Archive)

The good news: following these steps *will* install PostGIS 2.0 successfully.

sudo apt-get install python-software-properties
sudo apt-add-repository ppa:sharpie/for-science
sudo apt-add-repository ppa:sharpie/postgis-nightly
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install postgresql-9.1-postgis

The bad news: it still installs older versions of libGDAL and libGEOS than are recommended in the Support Matrix.

This install will install libGDAL 1.7, instead of the recommended 1.9.

First tricky thing: the existing Precise PPA for libGDAL 1.9 has been built to depend on libGEOS 3.3.2, and libGEOS 3.3.3 is listed as the preferred library in the Support Matrix.

Second tricky thing: the way apt works, if you install everything from apt, you will still not be able to take advantage of these newer libraries. The only way to do that will be to install everything from source, which will make updating versions a little trickier down the road. This is your fork in the road: work with what you can get in the packaged install listed above, or move forward using the steps below.

So, let's see if we can get all of the supporting libraries to the recommended versions.

Build GEOS 3.3.x

PostGIS 2.0 requires GEOS ≥ 3.3.2 for topology support, however Ubuntu 11.10 only has GEOS 3.2.2 available in packages, so it needs to be built from source. If you don't need topology, you don't need to build this component, but it is highly recommended.

These are the instructions for building geos 3.3.3, based on instructions found elsewhere on trac.osgeo.org with some additions determined through trial and error:

sudo apt-get install g++ ruby ruby1.8-dev swig swig2.0   ''--- added to other instructions, not installed by default in 12.04 & required for this make
wget http://download.osgeo.org/geos/geos-3.3.3.tar.bz2
tar xvfj geos-3.3.3.tar.bz2
cd geos-3.3.3
./configure
make
sudo make install
cd ..

To confirm this works, do the following:

$ geos-config --version
3.3.3
$ 

older notes

Several components are needed, which can either be built from source or installed from pre-built packages, as shown below.

Install prerequisite packages using:

sudo apt-get install build-essential postgresql-9.1 postgresql-server-dev-9.1 libxml2-dev proj libjson0-dev xsltproc docbook-xsl docbook-mathml

Optional package for raster support (this is required if you want to build the PostgreSQL extensions):

sudo apt-get install libgdal-dev

Build PostGIS

wget http://postgis.refractions.net/download/postgis-2.0.0.tar.gz
tar xfvz postgis-2.0.0.tar.gz
cd postgis-2.0.0

PostGIS 2.0 can be configured to disable topology or raster components, using the configure flags --without-raster and/or --without-topology. The default is to build both. Note that raster is required for the extension installation method for PostgreSQL.

./configure
make
sudo make install
sudo ldconfig
sudo make comments-install

Lastly, enable the command-line tools to work from your shell:

sudo ln -sf /usr/share/postgresql-common/pg_wrapper /usr/local/bin/shp2pgsql
sudo ln -sf /usr/share/postgresql-common/pg_wrapper /usr/local/bin/pgsql2shp
sudo ln -sf /usr/share/postgresql-common/pg_wrapper /usr/local/bin/raster2pgsql

Spatially enabling a database

With PostgreSQL 9.1, there are two methods to add PostGIS functionality to a database: using extensions, or using enabler scripts.

PostGIS Extension for PostgreSQL

Spatially enabling a database using extensions is a new feature of PostgreSQL 9.1.

Connect to your database using pgAdmin or psql, and run the following commands. To add postgis with raster support:

CREATE EXTENSION postgis;

To add topology support, a second extension can be created on the database:

CREATE EXTENSION postgis_topology;

Enabler Scripts / Template

Enabler scripts can be used to either build a template, or directly spatially enable a database. This method is older than the extension method, but is required if the raster support is not built.

The following example creates a template, which can be re-used for creating multiple spatially-enabled databases. Or if you just want to make one spatially enabled database, you can modify the commands for your needs.

PostGIS:

sudo -u postgres createdb template_postgis
sudo -u postgres psql -d template_postgis -f /usr/share/postgresql/9.1/contrib/postgis-2.0/postgis.sql
sudo -u postgres psql -d template_postgis -f /usr/share/postgresql/9.1/contrib/postgis-2.0/spatial_ref_sys.sql
sudo -u postgres psql -d template_postgis -f /usr/share/postgresql/9.1/contrib/postgis-2.0/postgis_comments.sql

with raster support:

sudo -u postgres psql -d template_postgis -f /usr/share/postgresql/9.1/contrib/postgis-2.0/rtpostgis.sql
sudo -u postgres psql -d template_postgis -f /usr/share/postgresql/9.1/contrib/postgis-2.0/raster_comments.sql

with topology support:

sudo -u postgres psql -d template_postgis -f /usr/share/postgresql/9.1/contrib/postgis-2.0/topology.sql
sudo -u postgres psql -d template_postgis -f /usr/share/postgresql/9.1/contrib/postgis-2.0/topology_comments.sql

See also

• ​https://help.ubuntu.com/community/PostgreSQL
• Install PostGIS 2.0 on Ubuntu 12.04 Precise Pangolin